G. Norman Collie

George Norman Collie (1875–1942) was a British physician, mountaineer, and explorer, often cited in climbing literature as G. Norman Collie. Trained and employed as a doctor, he became prominent in late Victorian and Edwardian mountaineering. Collie was an early pioneer of rock climbing in England’s Lake District, helping to develop routes and standards that influenced British climbing. He also undertook major exploratory expeditions abroad, notably in the Canadian Rockies, where he explored and climbed in remote ranges, and later in the Himalayas. His writings and reports helped publicize these regions and shaped the emerging culture of modern mountaineering.