Oliver Cromwell

Oliver Cromwell (1599–1658) was an English military and political leader who rose to prominence during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. A member of Parliament, he became a leading commander of the Parliamentarian forces in the English Civil Wars and helped organize the New Model Army. After the trial and execution of King Charles I in 1649, Cromwell played a central role in the establishment of the Commonwealth. He led campaigns in Ireland and Scotland and later dominated English politics. In 1653 he became Lord Protector, ruling the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland until his death in 1658.