From this experience we have learned that in a big party it is important to have the necessary and often controversial discussions on policy issues such as the health system while in opposition.

Merkel is reflecting on the internal discipline required of a large “people’s party” (Volkspartei): when a party is in opposition, it must use that time to work through difficult, divisive policy questions rather than postponing them until it governs. The mention of the health system signals a concrete example of an issue that can fracture coalitions and party factions, yet must be clarified to appear credible and ready to govern. The quote underscores a pragmatic lesson from experience: opposition is not only for criticism of the government but also for self-clarification, programmatic renewal, and building consensus on contentious reforms before power returns.