False facts are highly injurious to the progress of science, for they often endure long but false views, if supported by some evidence, do little harm, for every one takes a salutary pleasure in proving their falseness.

Darwin contrasts two kinds of scientific error: fabricated or mistaken “facts” versus openly held hypotheses or interpretations. False facts can become embedded in the literature and practice because they appear to be solid observations; later researchers may build on them, wasting effort and distorting conclusions. By contrast, a “false view” (a theory or explanation) that is clearly a view and is supported by some evidence invites scrutiny and testing; its eventual refutation can even be productive, sharpening methods and improving understanding. The remark reflects Darwin’s emphasis on careful observation, honest reporting, and the self-correcting dynamics of scientific debate.