My essays… come home to men’s business and bosoms.

Bacon is claiming a distinctive virtue for his essays: they are not merely ornamental exercises in style or abstract speculation, but writings that return to the practical concerns (“men’s business”) and inward motives or feelings (“bosoms”) of ordinary life. The phrase suggests an ideal of prose that is useful, applicable, and psychologically observant—addressing both conduct in the world and the private springs of action. Read this way, the remark functions as a defense of the essay as a genre of counsel: compact reflections meant to be carried into decision-making, conversation, and self-scrutiny rather than admired at a distance as literary display.